YUTAN, Neb. – About 250 Nebraska National Guard Soldiers and Airmen gathered at the Atlas Readiness Center Sept. 1-3 for an annual joint field training exercise designed to strengthen the Guard’s ability to respond to large-scale emergencies.

The exercise brought together members of the Nebraska National Guard Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear and High-Yield Explosive Enhanced Response Force Package, or CERFP, a joint Army and Air National Guard team trained to respond to chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear and high-yield explosives, or CBRNE, incidents in support of local, state and federal agencies.

During a real-world response, the CERFP provides specialized capabilities including casualty search and extraction, decontamination, medical triage and treatment and fatality search and recovery. The exercise allowed each element, along with supporting communications and patient-tracking personnel, to operate as an integrated response force.

The training placed Soldiers and Airmen in a simulated disaster environment where teams had to locate and extract casualties from a hot zone, move them through decontamination and contamination monitoring and ultimately transfer them to medical personnel for further assessment and treatment.

To make the scenario more realistic, local role players portrayed injured casualties, and moulage replicated injuries responders could encounter during an actual emergency.

“Fortunately, we are able to hire some local people to come and provide acting for injured patients,” said Tech. Sgt. Andrew Wheat, 155th Medical Group, Detachment 1. “They put on moulage, or fake injuries, to simulate, so that we can get more experience treating the kind of patients we would see at a large-scale disaster.”

As simulated casualties progressed through the response process, CBRNE specialists used radiation detection equipment to determine whether contamination remained and whether additional decontamination was necessary.

“The PDR-77 is used for radiation point detection,” said U.S. Army Spc. Alex Cross, a CBRN specialist with the Nebraska Army National Guard. “We move it along the skin without touching it to detect any residual radiation or contamination. That lets us know if the patient needs to be sent back through decontamination.”

Once casualties cleared decontamination, members of the 155th Medical Group Detachment 1 were prepared to provide the next level of care. The medical treatment area brought together providers from several specialties, including emergency and surgical nursing, respiratory therapy, family medicine, pharmacy, pediatrics and advanced practice providers.

Together, those specialties allow the CERFP to rapidly establish medical treatment capabilities in an affected area when additional resources are needed.

“Essentially, we can pop up an entire ER anywhere in the United States,” Wheat said. “It gives us the ability to bring medical care directly to an affected area and provide support when local resources may be overwhelmed.”

Behind the scenes, patient-tracking personnel documented each casualty as they moved through the system. Responders scanned triage tags and identification while recording information ranging from medical status and emergency contacts to the patient’s next destination.

“Patient tracking allows us to maintain accountability throughout the entire process and make sure we know where each patient is and where they need to go next,” said Master Sgt. Sasha Zubia, operations noncommissioned officer, 155th Medical Group.

While medical and response personnel worked directly with casualties, members of the 155th Communications Squadron established the communications infrastructure needed to connect the different elements of the response.

VHF and UHF radio antennas supported a cross-band communications system that connected radios used within the National Guard’s response footprint with those operated by other responding agencies. This interoperability becomes particularly important during a CBRNE response, when military personnel may be operating alongside multiple local, state and federal partners.

“It allows us to take radios from within our footprint and from other agencies, bring them all together so everybody can talk to everybody,” said Staff Sgt. Kierra Green, communications specialist, 155th Communications Squadron. “It ensures different teams and agencies can communicate effectively during a large-scale response.”

The communications team also trained with recently upgraded equipment housed within its response trailer. The upgrades allow personnel to transport their equipment and operate directly from the trailer, providing a more effective workspace while establishing and maintaining communications for the response force.

Beyond validating equipment and procedures, the exercise provided newer team members an opportunity to gain hands-on experience and build proficiency ahead of future evaluations.

The exercise is one of about two exercises the response force conducts each year, with one typically serving as an evaluation in which National Guard Bureau evaluators assess the team’s ability to perform its assigned mission. The exercise also is part of a broader National Guard effort to maintain trained and ready CBRNE response forces capable of supporting civil authorities when local resources are overwhelmed.

Although about 250 personnel participated in this year’s exercise, the National Guard’s overall disaster response capability can expand significantly when additional response elements are activated.

“When combined with the additional elements of the Homeland Response Force, the total response package can include approximately 800 personnel,” Wheat said.